Nystagmus can be physiological (normal) or pathological (abnormal). There are several types of pathological nystagmus. The three types of pathological nystagmus clinicians should be familiar with include spontaneous, gaze-evoked, and positional. - Spontaneous Nystagmus (SN) is present without visual or vestibular provocation. - Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus (GEN) is present in specific gaze directions and occurs 30 degrees or less from head-centered gaze. - Positional Nystagmus (PN) is present in specif

Positional nystagmus – is it BPPV? When it comes to assessing nystagmus during the Dix Hallpike maneuver, knowing how to interpret those patterns is key! Here’s your quick guide to confirming posterior canal BPPV: 🔎DIRECTION: Look for upward torsion toward the affected ear. ⏳ LATENCY: Notice the short delay before nystagmus kicks in. ⏰ TIME PATTERN: Watch for a brief burst following a crescendo-decrescendo rhythm. Check out how swiftly this nystagmus appeared and disappeared! This highlights th